提示：点击↑上方"小芳老师"免费关注哦
每日听力
每日听力内容来自BBC英语六分钟，英式英语，每日更新，和实际生活密切相关。每个听力文件6分钟，而且每次都有听力题目，可以用来备考四六级等各种英语考试考试。
听力方法：1. 听3-5遍以上，2. 对照文本听2遍，并查5-10个单词 3. 盲听5遍以上。4. 留言处写下问题的答案。
Who were the Muses and how did they help the creative process? Neil and Alice discuss Neil's poetry and some interesting ways to deal with writer's block.
This week's question
How does author of the Da Vinci Code, Dan Brown, deal with writer's block? Does he…
a) hang upside down from the ceiling in gravity boots?
b) clean his 6-bedroom house from top to bottom with a toothbrush?
c) run a half-marathon listening to opera music by Richard Wagner?
You'll hear the answer at the end of the programme.
Transcript
Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript.
Alice
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice…
Neil
And I'm Neil. Have you ever written any poetry, Alice?
Alice
No. Have you?
Neil
Oh yes. I've got a sheaf of poems from my youth.
Alice
A sheafof something means a bundle of things, particularly paper. What about now? Are you still writing?
Neil
No, my creative juices have dried up.
Alice
What a shame! I would have liked to hear some of your poems! Creative juicesmeans a flow of ideas and the subject of today's show is creativity andwriter's block– which means not being able to write because of a psychological problem.
Neil
So not like tennis elbow or golfer's knee, then.
Alice
No, Neil, because a psychological problem refers to the mind not the body. And whilst some people view writer's block as nonsense others believe it is a serious psychological condition that can get better with treatment.
Neil
Well, I have a question for you, Alice. How does author of the Da Vinci Code, Dan Brown, deal with writer's block? Does he…
a) hang upside down from the ceiling in gravity boots?
b) clean his 6-bedroom house from top to bottom with a toothbrush?
Or c) run a half-marathon listening to opera music by Richard Wagner?
Alice
I think it's c) run a half-marathon listening to Wagner. Exercise and music might get your creative juices flowing again.
Neil
Well, we'll find out whether you got the right answer later on in the show. But first, Alice, can you tell us where the term writer's block comes from?
Alice
Well, the term was coined– or invented – in 1950 by a Viennese psychoanalyst Edmund Bergler. Let's listen to Zachary Leader, Professor of English Literature at Roehampton University talking about the psychoanalytic theory of writer's block.
INSERT
Zachary Leader, Professor of English Literature at Roehampton University
Before writers were blocked the other metaphors that were used were things like 'drying up' … or 'being frozen' or 'stuck in a rut' and so forth. And the difference between being blocked and drying up is that in the case of blockage the problem is externalised and objectified – it's not yourself that's the problem – it's something that's outside you like an obstacle or an impediment – something that you could really cut away, and as a consequence a cure like a growth or a foreign body.
Neil
So writer's block is a metaphor for an obstacle – something external rather than internal inside of you – that's preventing you from working. Doesn't that sound like an excuse for not doing anything, Alice? 'It's not my fault – this impediment thing is getting in the way'.
Alice
Yes. Well, impedimentis another word for obstacle. But how do you cut away a foreign body that isn't actually there?
Neil
I suppose psychoanalysts have an answer for that. But seriously, I think writers probably do have a hard time. You can sit down at your desk every morning at 9 o'clock to write but that doesn't mean you're going to think of things to say. Though we're never stuck for words, are we?
Alice
Not usually, Neil, no. But did you know that the Ancient Greeks had Muses– or goddesses of creativity – to help them?
Neil
So… Beyoncé isn't a real muse? I've heard people say, you know, 'Beyoncé is my muse; she's such a great singer, songwriter, dancer, role model!'
Alice
Well, these days, 'muse' can refer to anyone who inspires an artist, writer, or musician. But in Ancient Greece, there were nine Muses – and depending on what type of creative thing you did – philosophy, poetry, science and so on – you invoked– or called upon – that particular Muse to inspire you.
Neil
I call upon you, oh Alice, to enlighten us with more information about the Greek Muses.
Alice
Alright then. So let's listen to Angie Hobbs instead. She's Professor of the Public Understanding of Philosophy, University of Sheffield here in the UK – and here she is now, talking about what the Greek Muses symbolized.
INSERT
Angie Hobbs, Professor of the Public Understanding of Philosophy, University of Sheffield
We've seen that the Muses were connected to running water, to springs, to fountains, fluidity. So if you're musing, you are letting your mind wander, you're opening yourself up to new influences and new ideas, and not thinking in too structured a way.
Neil
Musing, letting your mind wander, thinking in a fluid, unstructured way – that all sounds very pleasant – maybe I should have another go at writing.
Alice
Well, according to research, some people are better at mind wandering and opening themselves up to new ideas than others. Their minds work differently – they have more dopamine in the thalamus region of the brain.
Neil
The thalamuscontrols consciousness, sleep and the senses anddopamineis the feel-good chemical in the brain. Is that right?
Alice
Yes, and having more dopamine in the thalamus enables some people to see the world in a different way – and they express this creatively – through science, music, the arts. Now, before you start musing on how much dopamine you have in your brain, Neil, perhaps you can tell us the answer to today's quiz question?
Neil
I asked: How does author of the Da Vinci Code, Dan Brown, deal with writer's block? Does he…
a) hang upside down from the ceiling in gravity boots?
b) clean his 6-bedroom house from top to bottom with a toothbrush?
Or c) run a half-marathon listening to opera music by Richard Wagner?
Alice
And I said c) run a half-marathon listening to opera music by Richard Wagner.
Neil
And you were wrong, Alice! The answer is a) hang upside down from the ceiling in gravity boots.
Alice
Really?
Neil
Yes. I expect all that increased blood flow to the brain is helpful in clearing writer's block.
Alice
Yes. Good plan. OK, here are the words we learned today.
creative juices
writer's block
coined
impediment
Muses
invoked
thalamus
dopamine
Neil
So, Alice, shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely…
Alice
That's not your poem, Neil – It's Shakespeare's! Well, and that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
Neil
OK, I'm off to lie on the sofa and evoke my muse. Please join us again soon!
Both
Bye!
Vocabulary
creative juices
a flow of ideas
writer's block
not being able to write because of a psychological problem
coined
invented
impediment
obstacle
Muses
Goddesses of creativity
invoked
called upon
thalamus
An area of the brain that controls consciousness, sleep and the senses
dopamine
The chemical in the brain that makes you feel good
每日听力9月合集
觉得不错，一定点赞呢！！！